Search results for "Human rotaviru"

Anti-rotavirus Antibodies in Human Milk

2006

To analyze anti-rotavirus antibodies in human milk in order to determine their isotypes and neutralizing activity on rotavirus strains representing different viral serotypes.One hundred seventy-three milk samples (65 colostrum, 55 transitional milk and 53 mature milk) obtained from 65 mothers were analyzed along with 49 serum samples collected just before delivery. Total immunoglobulin A (IgA) and rotavirus-specific IgA and immunoglobulins G (IgG) antibodies were determined in milk and serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Neutralizing activity was evaluated by an immunoperoxidase focus reduction assay. Milk IgA was purified by binding to the lectin jacalin, elution and ultrafiltratio…

Unusual Assortment of Segments in 2 Rare Human Rotavirus Genomes

2010

Using full-length genome sequence analysis, we investigated 2 rare G3P[9] human rotavirus strains isolated from children with diarrhea. The genomes were recognized as assortments of genes closely related to rotaviruses originating from cats, ruminants, and humans. Results suggest multiple transmissions of genes from animal to human strains of rotaviruses.

Different transmission patterns of uncommon group A human rotavirus genotypes

2015

Identification of a multi-reassortant G12P[9] rotavirus with novel VP1, VP2, VP3 and NSP2 genotypes in a child with acute gastroenteritis.

2015

The G12 rotavirus genotype is globally emerging to cause severe gastroenteritis in children. Common G12 rotaviruses have either a Wa-like or DS-1-like genome constellation, while some G12 strains may have unusual genome composition. In this study, we determined the full-genome sequence of a G12P[9] strain (ME848/12) detected in a child hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Italy in 2012. Strain ME848/12 showed a complex genetic constellation (G12-P[9]-I17-R12-C12-M11-A12-N12-T7-E6-H2), likely derived from multiple reassortment events, with the VP1, VP2, VP3 and NSP2 genes being established as novel genotypes R12, C12, M11 and N12, respectively. Gathering sequence data on human and anim…

Prevalence of human rotavirus serotypes in some European countries 1981-1988.

1990

An extended epidemiological survey on the circulation of the 4 established human rotavirus (HRV) serotypes in some European countries was carried out on 831 fecal strains collected from infants and young children with acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis during 1981-88. Typing was done by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and/or solid-phase immune electron microscopy using VP7 type-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. Serotype 1 HRV strains were found to be largely predominant in this period both in Italy and other countries, whereas serotype 4 strains were less common. The number of strains of serotypes 1 and 4 circulating in Europe was equivalent only in 1983-84. Serotype 2 strains…

Molecular characterization of the genotype G9 human rotavirus strains recovered in Palermo, Italy, during the winter of 1999-2000

2004

Among the known human rotavirus serotypes, types G1–G4 are ubiquitous and account for >80% of global human rotavirus strains. Since 1994 an increase in reports of G9 serotype isolates has been observed in both developed and developing countries. In the winter season of 1999–2000 we detected the appearance of G9 rotavirus in Palermo, Italy, accounting for 19% of all rotaviruses circulating in our geographical area. Some of these Italian G9 isolates have been submitted to partial sequencing of their VP7 gene. All of them showed complete nucleotide identity suggesting a clonal origin. The Italian VP7 sequences were found to be very closely related to that of other G9 strains recently isolat…

Canine-Origin G3P[3] Rotavirus Strain in Child with Acute Gastroenteritis

2007

Infection by an animal-like strain of rotavirus (PA260/97) was diagnosed in a child with gastroenteritis in Palermo, Italy, in 1997. Sequence analysis of VP7, VP4, VP6, and NSP4 genes showed resemblance to a G3P[3] canine strain identified in Italy in 1996. Dogs are a potential source of human viral pathogens.

Electropherotypes, subgroups and serotypes of human rotavirus strains causing gastroenteritis in infants and young children in Palermo, Italy, from 1…

1990

During 1985-89, an epidemiological survey was conducted in Palermo, Sicily (Southern Italy) on group A human rotavirus (HRV) strains which cause gastroenteritis in infants and young children. Two hundred and thirty eight HRV strains were characterized for subgroup and serotype using monoclonal-antibody-based ELISA systems, and for electropherotype using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Subgroup II strains were largely predominant, constituting 218/238 of the positive stool samples (91.6%). Among the serotypes, 192/238 strains (80.7%) were serotype 1 and 16 strains (6.7%) were serotype 4; serotype 2 circulated intermittently and serotype 3 was nearly absent (only one subgroup I strain was…

Electropherotype heterogeneity within serotypes of human rotavirus strains circulating in Italy

1987

Using solid-phase immune electron microscopy, 126 of 129 human rotavirus (HRV) strains could be serotyped directly in stools collected in Italy during the period 1981–1985. Prevalence was 70.5 per cent for serotype 1, and 13.2 per cent for each of serotypes 2 and 4. No serotype 3 strain was detected. In parallel, for 39 of 61 HRV strains tested the electropherotype of genomic RNA was successfully determined. Different electropherotypes were detected among strains of the same serotype, whereas the same electropherotype was found in HRV strains of different serotypes. Serotyping and electropherotyping of HRV strains appear to be complementary to each other, and both should be used in conjunct…